bft-crdt-experiment/examples/oracle_simulation.rs

use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
use std::thread;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

// Import our oracle network types
use crate::oracle_network::*;

/// A practical simulation showing how the BFT-CRDT oracle network operates
/// This demonstrates:
/// 1. Multiple oracles submitting prices independently
/// 2. Network partitions and reunification
/// 3. Byzantine oracle behavior
/// 4. Real-time price aggregation
/// 5. Performance under various conditions

pub struct OracleSimulation {
    /// Multiple oracle nodes in the network
    oracle_nodes: HashMap<String, Arc<Mutex<OracleNode>>>,
    /// Network conditions for simulation
    network_conditions: NetworkConditions,
    /// Statistics collector
    stats: SimulationStats,
}

pub struct OracleNode {
    pub id: OracleId,
    pub crdt: OracleNetworkCRDT,
    pub data_sources: Vec<MockDataSource>,
    pub is_byzantine: bool,
    pub partition_group: Option<u8>,
}

pub struct NetworkConditions {
    pub latency_ms: u64,
    pub packet_loss_rate: f64,
    pub partition_active: bool,
    pub partition_groups: Vec<Vec<String>>,
}

pub struct SimulationStats {
    pub total_attestations: u64,
    pub successful_aggregations: u64,
    pub byzantine_attempts: u64,
    pub network_merges: u64,
    pub average_price_deviation: f64,
}

pub struct MockDataSource {
    pub name: String,
    pub base_price: u128,
    pub volatility: f64,
    pub reliability: f64,
}

impl OracleSimulation {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        let params = NetworkParams {
            min_oracle_stake: 1000,
            max_price_age: Duration::from_secs(300),
            outlier_threshold: 0.15,
            min_sources: 2,
        };

        let mut oracle_nodes = HashMap::new();

        // Create honest oracles
        for i in 1..=5 {
            let oracle_id = OracleId(format!("oracle_{}", i));
            let node = OracleNode {
                id: oracle_id.clone(),
                crdt: OracleNetworkCRDT::new(params.clone()),
                data_sources: Self::create_data_sources(),
                is_byzantine: false,
                partition_group: None,
            };
            oracle_nodes.insert(format!("oracle_{}", i), Arc::new(Mutex::new(node)));
        }

        // Create Byzantine oracles
        for i in 6..=7 {
            let oracle_id = OracleId(format!("byzantine_{}", i));
            let node = OracleNode {
                id: oracle_id.clone(),
                crdt: OracleNetworkCRDT::new(params.clone()),
                data_sources: Self::create_data_sources(),
                is_byzantine: true,
                partition_group: None,
            };
            oracle_nodes.insert(format!("byzantine_{}", i), Arc::new(Mutex::new(node)));
        }

        Self {
            oracle_nodes,
            network_conditions: NetworkConditions {
                latency_ms: 50,
                packet_loss_rate: 0.01,
                partition_active: false,
                partition_groups: vec![],
            },
            stats: SimulationStats {
                total_attestations: 0,
                successful_aggregations: 0,
                byzantine_attempts: 0,
                network_merges: 0,
                average_price_deviation: 0.0,
            },
        }
    }

    fn create_data_sources() -> Vec<MockDataSource> {
        vec![
            MockDataSource {
                name: "Binance".to_string(),
                base_price: 2500_000_000,
                volatility: 0.02,
                reliability: 0.99,
            },
            MockDataSource {
                name: "Coinbase".to_string(),
                base_price: 2501_000_000,
                volatility: 0.02,
                reliability: 0.98,
            },
            MockDataSource {
                name: "Kraken".to_string(),
                base_price: 2499_000_000,
                volatility: 0.025,
                reliability: 0.97,
            },
        ]
    }

    /// Run the simulation for a specified duration
    pub fn run(&mut self, duration: Duration) {
        println!("Starting Oracle Network Simulation");
        println!("==================================");
        println!("Nodes: {} ({} Byzantine)", self.oracle_nodes.len(), 2);
        println!("Duration: {:?}", duration);
        println!();

        let start_time = Instant::now();
        let mut last_stats_print = Instant::now();

        // Spawn oracle threads
        let handles: Vec<_> = self
            .oracle_nodes
            .iter()
            .map(|(name, node)| {
                let node_clone = Arc::clone(node);
                let name_clone = name.clone();
                let duration_clone = duration;

                thread::spawn(move || {
                    Self::oracle_thread(name_clone, node_clone, duration_clone);
                })
            })
            .collect();

        // Main simulation loop
        while start_time.elapsed() < duration {
            thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));

            // Simulate network propagation
            self.propagate_attestations();

            // Simulate network partition if active
            if self.network_conditions.partition_active {
                self.simulate_partition();
            }

            // Print statistics every 5 seconds
            if last_stats_print.elapsed() > Duration::from_secs(5) {
                self.print_current_state();
                last_stats_print = Instant::now();
            }

            // Randomly introduce network events
            if rand::random::<f64>() < 0.1 {
                self.introduce_network_event();
            }
        }

        // Wait for oracle threads to complete
        for handle in handles {
            handle.join().unwrap();
        }

        self.print_final_statistics();
    }

    /// Oracle thread that submits prices periodically
    fn oracle_thread(name: String, node: Arc<Mutex<OracleNode>>, duration: Duration) {
        let start = Instant::now();
        let mut last_submission = Instant::now();

        while start.elapsed() < duration {
            if last_submission.elapsed() > Duration::from_secs(1) {
                let mut node_guard = node.lock().unwrap();

                // Fetch prices from data sources
                let mut sources = Vec::new();
                for data_source in &node_guard.data_sources {
                    if rand::random::<f64>() < data_source.reliability {
                        let price = if node_guard.is_byzantine {
                            // Byzantine oracles submit manipulated prices
                            Self::generate_byzantine_price(data_source.base_price)
                        } else {
                            Self::generate_realistic_price(
                                data_source.base_price,
                                data_source.volatility,
                            )
                        };

                        sources.push(DataSource {
                            name: data_source.name.clone(),
                            price,
                            volume: (rand::random::<f64>() * 1000_000_000.0) as u128,
                            timestamp: Self::timestamp(),
                        });
                    }
                }

                if sources.len() >= 2 {
                    // Create attestation
                    let attestation = PriceAttestation {
                        id: AttestationId(format!("{}_{}", name, Self::timestamp())),
                        oracle_id: node_guard.id.clone(),
                        asset_pair: AssetPair("ETH/USD".to_string()),
                        price: Self::calculate_weighted_price(&sources),
                        confidence: if node_guard.is_byzantine {
                            50
                        } else {
                            90 + (rand::random::<f64>() * 10.0) as u8
                        },
                        timestamp: Self::timestamp(),
                        sources,
                        proof: AttestationProof::SignedFeed {
                            exchange_signature: vec![1, 2, 3],
                            sequence_number: Self::timestamp(),
                        },
                        signature: vec![4, 5, 6],
                    };

                    if let Err(e) = node_guard.crdt.submit_attestation(attestation) {
                        eprintln!("Failed to submit attestation from {}: {}", name, e);
                    }
                }

                last_submission = Instant::now();
            }

            thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));
        }
    }

    /// Propagate attestations between nodes based on network conditions
    fn propagate_attestations(&mut self) {
        let nodes_snapshot: Vec<_> = self.oracle_nodes.keys().cloned().collect();

        for i in 0..nodes_snapshot.len() {
            for j in (i + 1)..nodes_snapshot.len() {
                let node1_name = &nodes_snapshot[i];
                let node2_name = &nodes_snapshot[j];

                // Skip if nodes are in different partition groups
                if self.network_conditions.partition_active {
                    if !self.can_communicate(node1_name, node2_name) {
                        continue;
                    }
                }

                // Simulate packet loss
                if rand::random::<f64>() < self.network_conditions.packet_loss_rate {
                    continue;
                }

                // Get nodes
                let node1 = Arc::clone(&self.oracle_nodes[node1_name]);
                let node2 = Arc::clone(&self.oracle_nodes[node2_name]);

                // Merge CRDTs with simulated latency
                thread::spawn(move || {
                    thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)); // Simulated network latency

                    let mut node1_guard = node1.lock().unwrap();
                    let mut node2_guard = node2.lock().unwrap();

                    // Bidirectional merge
                    node1_guard.crdt.merge(&node2_guard.crdt);
                    node2_guard.crdt.merge(&node1_guard.crdt);
                });

                self.stats.network_merges += 1;
            }
        }
    }

    /// Check if two nodes can communicate (for partition simulation)
    fn can_communicate(&self, node1: &str, node2: &str) -> bool {
        if !self.network_conditions.partition_active {
            return true;
        }

        for group in &self.network_conditions.partition_groups {
            let node1_in_group = group.contains(&node1.to_string());
            let node2_in_group = group.contains(&node2.to_string());

            if node1_in_group && node2_in_group {
                return true;
            }
        }

        false
    }

    /// Introduce random network events
    fn introduce_network_event(&mut self) {
        let event = rand::random::<f64>();

        if event < 0.3 {
            // Increase latency
            self.network_conditions.latency_ms = 200;
            println!("Network event: High latency (200ms)");
        } else if event < 0.5 {
            // Network partition
            self.network_conditions.partition_active = true;
            self.network_conditions.partition_groups = vec![
                vec![
                    "oracle_1".to_string(),
                    "oracle_2".to_string(),
                    "oracle_3".to_string(),
                ],
                vec![
                    "oracle_4".to_string(),
                    "oracle_5".to_string(),
                    "byzantine_6".to_string(),
                    "byzantine_7".to_string(),
                ],
            ];
            println!("Network event: Partition active");
        } else if event < 0.7 {
            // Heal partition
            if self.network_conditions.partition_active {
                self.network_conditions.partition_active = false;
                println!("Network event: Partition healed");
            }
        } else {
            // Restore normal conditions
            self.network_conditions.latency_ms = 50;
            self.network_conditions.packet_loss_rate = 0.01;
            println!("Network event: Normal conditions restored");
        }
    }

    /// Simulate network partition effects
    fn simulate_partition(&mut self) {
        // Partitions are handled in propagate_attestations
        // This method could add additional partition-specific logic
    }

    /// Print current state of the network
    fn print_current_state(&self) {
        println!("\n--- Current Network State ---");

        // Get aggregate price from first available node
        let mut aggregate_price = None;
        for (name, node) in &self.oracle_nodes {
            let node_guard = node.lock().unwrap();
            if let Some(price) = node_guard
                .crdt
                .get_aggregate_price(&AssetPair("ETH/USD".to_string()), Duration::from_secs(60))
            {
                aggregate_price = Some(price);
                break;
            }
        }

        if let Some(price) = aggregate_price {
            println!(
                "Aggregate ETH/USD Price: ${:.2} (confidence: {}%)",
                price.price as f64 / 1_000_000.0,
                price.confidence
            );
            println!(
                "Sources: {}, Std Dev: ${:.2}",
                price.num_sources,
                price.std_deviation as f64 / 1_000_000.0
            );
        }

        // Show individual node states
        println!("\nNode Attestation Counts:");
        for (name, node) in &self.oracle_nodes {
            let node_guard = node.lock().unwrap();
            let count = node_guard.crdt.attestations.len();
            println!("  {}: {} attestations", name, count);
        }

        // Network conditions
        println!("\nNetwork Conditions:");
        println!("  Latency: {}ms", self.network_conditions.latency_ms);
        println!(
            "  Packet Loss: {:.1}%",
            self.network_conditions.packet_loss_rate * 100.0
        );
        println!(
            "  Partition Active: {}",
            self.network_conditions.partition_active
        );
    }

    /// Print final simulation statistics
    fn print_final_statistics(&self) {
        println!("\n\n=== Final Simulation Statistics ===");

        // Count total attestations across all nodes
        let mut total_attestations = 0;
        let mut price_samples = Vec::new();

        for (_, node) in &self.oracle_nodes {
            let node_guard = node.lock().unwrap();
            total_attestations += node_guard.crdt.attestations.len();

            // Collect price samples
            if let Some(price) = node_guard
                .crdt
                .get_aggregate_price(&AssetPair("ETH/USD".to_string()), Duration::from_secs(300))
            {
                price_samples.push(price.price);
            }
        }

        println!("Total Attestations: {}", total_attestations);
        println!("Network Merges: {}", self.stats.network_merges);

        // Calculate price consistency
        if !price_samples.is_empty() {
            let avg_price: u128 = price_samples.iter().sum::<u128>() / price_samples.len() as u128;
            let max_deviation = price_samples
                .iter()
                .map(|p| {
                    if *p > avg_price {
                        ((*p - avg_price) as f64 / avg_price as f64) * 100.0
                    } else {
                        ((avg_price - *p) as f64 / avg_price as f64) * 100.0
                    }
                })
                .fold(0.0, f64::max);

            println!("\nPrice Consistency:");
            println!("  Average Price: ${:.2}", avg_price as f64 / 1_000_000.0);
            println!("  Max Deviation: {:.2}%", max_deviation);
            println!(
                "  Nodes in Agreement: {}/{}",
                price_samples.len(),
                self.oracle_nodes.len()
            );
        }

        // Performance metrics
        let attestation_rate = total_attestations as f64 / 300.0; // Assuming 5 minute simulation
        println!("\nPerformance:");
        println!("  Attestation Rate: {:.1} per second", attestation_rate);
        println!(
            "  Merge Rate: {:.1} per second",
            self.stats.network_merges as f64 / 300.0
        );
    }

    /// Generate realistic price with volatility
    fn generate_realistic_price(base_price: u128, volatility: f64) -> u128 {
        let change = (rand::random::<f64>() - 0.5) * 2.0 * volatility;
        let multiplier = 1.0 + change;
        (base_price as f64 * multiplier) as u128
    }

    /// Generate manipulated price for Byzantine oracles
    fn generate_byzantine_price(base_price: u128) -> u128 {
        let manipulation = rand::random::<f64>();
        if manipulation < 0.3 {
            // Try subtle manipulation
            (base_price as f64 * 1.05) as u128
        } else if manipulation < 0.6 {
            // Try larger manipulation
            (base_price as f64 * 1.20) as u128
        } else {
            // Sometimes submit normal price to avoid detection
            base_price
        }
    }

    /// Calculate weighted average price from sources
    fn calculate_weighted_price(sources: &[DataSource]) -> u128 {
        let total_volume: u128 = sources.iter().map(|s| s.volume).sum();
        let weighted_sum: u128 = sources.iter().map(|s| s.price * s.volume).sum();
        weighted_sum / total_volume
    }

    fn timestamp() -> u64 {
        SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
            .unwrap()
            .as_secs()
    }
}

/// Example usage
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn test_oracle_simulation() {
        let mut simulation = OracleSimulation::new();

        // Run for 30 seconds
        simulation.run(Duration::from_secs(30));

        // Verify network reached consistency
        assert!(simulation.stats.network_merges > 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_byzantine_resistance() {
        let mut simulation = OracleSimulation::new();

        // Run simulation
        simulation.run(Duration::from_secs(10));

        // Check that Byzantine oracles didn't corrupt the network
        // The aggregate price should still be reasonable despite Byzantine attempts
        for (_, node) in &simulation.oracle_nodes {
            let node_guard = node.lock().unwrap();
            if let Some(price) = node_guard
                .crdt
                .get_aggregate_price(&AssetPair("ETH/USD".to_string()), Duration::from_secs(60))
            {
                // Price should be within reasonable bounds despite Byzantine oracles
                assert!(price.price > 2000_000_000 && price.price < 3000_000_000);
            }
        }
    }
}

// Mock rand module for simulation
mod rand {
    pub fn random<T>() -> T
    where
        T: From<f64>,
    {
        // Simple pseudo-random for simulation
        let time = std::time::SystemTime::now()
            .duration_since(std::time::UNIX_EPOCH)
            .unwrap()
            .as_nanos();
        T::from((time % 1000) as f64 / 1000.0)
    }
}